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A battery wing?

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Simon Chaddock16/05/2010 00:34:23
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In my thoughts on endurance flying to obtain maximum aerodynamic efficiency I considered putting the batteries into the wing.
To take this concept further I purchased seven 1000mAh A123 cells cheap from Ebay.
Although a 20C discharge rate is claimed they are not tagged so I was faced with the problem of adding tags to build up a 4 cell (12V) pack - or was I?
One of my Depron wings used a balsa/depron/balsa box spar.
Could the cells simply be inserted inside a suitable box spar with sufficient spring pressure to ensure an adequate contact?
My first doodle of a possible 4 cell 12" wing centre section.
Provision will be required for charging and isolating the batteries but everything would thus be contained within the flying surfaces apart from the motor and that would only require a short 26mm diameter 'tube' fuselage.
Not at all sure this will work satisfactorily but we shall see. 
 
 

Edited By Simon Chaddock on 16/05/2010 00:35:08

Peter 'Ivanna Crashalot' Savage16/05/2010 02:26:42
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Would it not be better as say a carbon spar? then wrap the cells in insulation tape?
 
Blimey those cells are cheap! 
Simon Chaddock18/05/2010 01:13:17
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A 12" balsa/depron/balsa "battery box" spar with the batteries alongside.
The top and bottom flanges are hard 1/16 balsa with 4mm Depron webs. It only weighs 5.2gm yet is plenty strong enough to hold the 4 cells which is just as well as these A123 cells are almost twice the weight of an equivalent LiPo.
The intention is to fix the aileron servos, ESC, radio and motor into this centre section.
 
Myron Beaumont18/05/2010 07:15:45
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Simon
How about some cooling holes ? Just a thought !
Simon Chaddock19/05/2010 00:17:08
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Myron
Cooling could be problem but if I can keep it below 10 amps (10C) max it should limit the temperature rise.
The basic wing structure.
Now to see if all the RC gear will fit in.
Simon Chaddock20/05/2010 22:23:24
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The tail boom (a no3 section of a £1 Whopper fishing rod!) and one aileron servo.
At the moment it looks like some sort of sting ray!
A quick guesstimate of the CofG suggested it would be too far back so I have cut back the LE by 10mm so effectively moving the spar (and its heavy batteries) forward.
The radio goes just behind the spar with the elevator servo wire and the aerial going through the tail boom.
The boom is secured in a short auxiliary balsa/depron/balsa spar.
The ESC will be ahead of the spar right behind the motor, although I haven't yet worked out exactly how it will all be mounted - but then that's half the fun of "own design".

 
Simon Chaddock23/05/2010 12:00:08
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The aileron servos and radio (Corona RS4) in position.
Just the ESC and motor to work in.
Simon Chaddock27/05/2010 00:34:17
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More progress. The centre section servos and radio 'built in' with the RH tip in place.
I am waiting delivery of the ESC before I build it in with the motor. The generous dihedral is to compensate for the lack of fuselage side area.
The RH tip complete with its top hinged  aileron.
The tip is completely empty (its aileron servo is in the centre section) and it weighs just 0.5oz.The aileron movement will be strongly differential. It is in its full down position in the above picture.
Simon Chaddock30/05/2010 12:13:54
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Slow progress as everything has to be checked and tested as the build progresses.
The centre section is part skinned and the tail boom fixed with the elevator servo mounted on the end.
The fin and tailplane will be built around this servo.
As it looks like the 10oz AUW can be achieved I am considering using 6V rather than 12 by running the cells in a 2s2p configuration which incidentally should give it close to an hour duration.
 
Simon Chaddock31/05/2010 23:57:46
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The lower part of the fin built up round the elevator servo.
The rest of the tail surfaces will be just 4mm sheet Depron.
A test 2 cell spring contact battery pack
It drives everything ok and does not appear to have any difficulty supplying 10A, so two sets in parallel should have no problem at all.
.
Biggles' Elder Brother - Moderator01/06/2010 00:05:15
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It'll be interesting to see how she flies Simon. Even though that elevator servo is very light its an awful long way back!
 
BEB
Simon Chaddock01/06/2010 01:11:09
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BEB
Yes indeed but I have set the battery spar (with its heavy cells) at 25% chord (in front of the CofG?) and the motor itself will have to be far enough forward for its folding prop to clear the wing.
I trust all of this will counter the tail servo weight.  
Simon Chaddock02/06/2010 19:10:07
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The tail feathers complete.
A slightly usual plan form but as this is not an aerobatic model the fixed area is big in comparison to the elevator.
 
A front view showing the thick under-fin containing the servo but all other surfaces just 4mm plates but with carefully profiled leading and trailing edges.
With the batteries in the wing and a Blue Wonder motor approximately in place the CofG comes out at just under 30% chord.
Adding 5.5oz of batteries to this bit of the airframe (it weighs under 2oz) makes it feel ever so heavy!
Stephen Jones02/06/2010 20:05:04
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595 photos
Hi ,
Re battery wing i remember reading an article by a guy whom supposedly designed the 1st lipo battery . In the article he shows how he sandwiched ceiling tiles and aluminium foil and weighted them down , And after charging could power a 12 volt bulb . He also had drawings on his idea of making a foam wing which would also be his battery . I think i still have the article some where  
Simon Chaddock03/06/2010 18:46:17
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Stephen
Ceiling tiles and aluminium foil?
I am not sure of the chemistry in such a layout but it would not need to have a very high power density if it used the entire wing area.
Any chance you could find the article?
Simon Chaddock05/06/2010 00:48:20
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The motor and folding prop on the test stand.
The 1700kV Blue Wonder motor on the 2 cell A123 and a 7.5x4 prop draws 5.5 amps. Well within my limit of 10 so the prop diam can go up a bit.  
Simon Chaddock05/06/2010 19:59:49
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For minimum frontal area the 26mm outrunner motor bell is the ruling diameter.
The basic folding prop mount has been reduced to this diam and the 'spinner' made up with Depron. The position of prop retain pins dictated the rather bluff profile.
In the Battery Wing itself the motor will be mounted on the end of a 26mm diam Depron 'tube' projecting 70mm from the wing leading edge with the ESC inside.
 
Simon Chaddock05/06/2010 22:57:56
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A short video of the Battery Wing's motor running on the 2s A123 battery.
Nearly there!
Simon Chaddock06/06/2010 22:18:26
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The motor 'tube' temporarily in place.
The tube is 5mm deeper than the spar which means there is a cooling vent exit over the top of the wing.
The whole under surface is completely flat so on landing the tail boom should touch the ground first.
On test the 1000mAh 2S battery ran the motor at full power for 12 minutes so with 2x2S a flight endurance of 1 hour looks possible.   
 
Simon Chaddock07/06/2010 12:17:10
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The 'battery box' spar will have a 'floating' spring at its centre to apply pressure to both 2S packs.
To ensure good conductivity (spring steel is not a particularly good conductor) it has a flexible cooper braid soldered to each end. It also acts as the negative power connection.
I have still got to engineer in a power on/off switch and a charging socket.

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